Answer to Post #5: Yes Mint or high quality restrikes...tough one. Remember that some badges were cast, not die struck, for various reasons, including where the unit was posted. (India, Middle East, etc) Double rings for split pins were the first type of fastener, sliders were introduced early in WWI when the requirement for badges grew a thousand fold. Original rings were braised, not soldered. That may be one give away. Sliders are easier to attach than rings, so the fakers are more likely to use this type of attachment. Sliders were also braised, not soldered. To further confuse the issue, many badges have had their original attachments on the back removed and then a new attachment added. That, in and of itself, does not negate the value of the badge, unless you are a purist. Most bronze officer badges featured tabs which could be folded to hold the badge in the cap. I have not yet, although doubtless they exist, see a fake one of these. I have an original RFC badge of this type, complete with "Gaunt" plate in the rear which was obtained 30 years ago before our crafty entrepreneurs started offering fakes. Weight was another way of telling a restrike from an authentic one. (At least in the old days) The real ones just seemed to have a "heft" that the newer ones don't have. Flexation or "the Bends" was another test, although the newer ones have aged and do not "give" like they used to. Original badges were inflexable. Check the older bimetal ones for "sweat holes" which were a feature to allow heat to escape when adding the different metal to the original die. Some of the newer fakes do not feature this. These are only some suggestions and not the alpha and omega of identification. The really well made fakes are almost if not truely impossible to tell from the original ones. That is why so many collectors have given up in fustration. No discernable provenence, no customer. The fakers have hoisted themselves on their own petard. TerryB