I started this thread because I was unsure whether the 2nd Battalion, the Gloucestershire Regiment (61st Regiment of Foot) were entitled to wear the back badge of the 1st Battalion (the old 28th Regiment of Foot). And for that matter, Militia and/or Volunteer battalions.
After a bit more reading I have concluded that indeed both battalions wore a modified version of the 28th Regiment's on amalgamation in 1881.
The 1874 Dress Regulations gives the 28th as the Sphinx and the 61st Sphinx over Egypt for the helmet plate but no mention of a back badge. Another reference book states that on amalgamation the back badge for the regiment became a Sphinx over Egypt. That is a combination of both previous regiments' badges (although with the 61st coming out on top with Egypt below).
The 1883 Dress Regulations specifies the back badge for the Gloucestershire Regiment with no mention of battalions.
This brought me to wonder whether Militia and Volunteer battalions were entitled to wear the back badge. I should say at this point that a friend bought a Gloucestershire Regiment Blue Cloth which did not only not have a back badge but had never had one fitted.
I will continue the Militia part in the next post.
Here is a photo taken in Portsmouth, 1912, of officers of the 1st Battalion, the Gloucestershire Regiment with its Colonel, Major General Sir Francis Howard, looking very unsoldierly with a fag hanging out of his mouth.
Photo courtesy of the Soldiers of Gloucestershire Museum.