Farkas

41 minutes ago, gjw said:

Love it!!!  I'd like to get that version also.

 

Best,

 

Greg

30 minutes ago, Stogieman said:

Nice piece on an interesting ribbon!

cheers both,

it’s not just me then, these aren’t that common are they.

When I saw it I wasn’t sure if the ribbon was gonna be legit, but couldn’t remember the last time I saw one of these on any trifold, I had to take the punt, even with 7 quid postage.

A neat ribbon and good looking kreuz too. 
 

tony 🍻

🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿🇬🇧

Hi Gents,

I thought I might add this here.

An Austrian kriegervereine association piece with a “St. Lambrechten” clasp/link for veterans of the 1914-18 war.

Sankt Lambrech is in Styria, Tyrol I believe. Seems popular for skiing nowadays. There is still today a memorial to the fallen of both wars to be found in the abbey there.

tony 🍻

On 09/12/2023 at 19:07, Christian1962 said:

I took a pic of the backside esp. for you...

 

Regards

 

Christian

On 10/12/2023 at 18:18, gjw said:

Very nice!  Congratulations on a good find!

 

Best Regards 

 

Greg

 

(belated) Thanks Gents, your positive vibes are appreciated…

I’m still enamoured with it!

cheers

tony 🍻

Hi Gents,

though a German medal from the 30’s doesn’t really belong in this section, I thought I’d sneak it in 😉

I was lucky enough to nab this the other day, it came from an Austrian seller and was just as cheap as these crosses normally are, which surprised me bearing in mind the ribbon.

From Wikipedia :

“ By a decree dated 30 November 1938, the State Minister of the Interior introduced these awards into the Ostmark (the name of Austria after it was annexed by Nazi Germany). By 1940, it had also been approved for persons of German heritage from seized lands of the Sudetenland, Czechoslovakia, Danzig, Saar and Memel.[1]Awarding of the cross to war participants of German heritage continued after the deadline for applications had closed within the previous boundaries of Germany. Such Honour Crosses were still being awarded as late as 1944. For all attached military personnel outside these regions, the Führer, through the ordinance of 30 June 1942, had already ordered approval of these awards.”
 

Its the first one on a trifold that I’ve had the good fortune to pick up. 😊

cheers

tony 🍻

On 23/11/2009 at 21:56, rusticalex said:

Bullion from his uniforms (not certain about a couple of the pieces, whether or not they were of this regiment)...

 

 

Buttons...

 

Hi Rusticalex,

not seen this thread before somehow…

what a great read.

I notice in the above one you question whether they are all his.

I presume you mean the 2 ‘grenades’?

Though most commonly associated with the Royal Artillery and Royal Engineers they are also the emblem for ‘fusiliers’.

I found this 

I would be happy to say that all those are his.

cheers

tony 🍻

On 29/01/2024 at 15:11, Stogieman said:

Never owned one of these

Shocking! 😊

Well done Sandy that’s awesome…

If you’d let us know what you find I’d be very interested.

cheers

tony

Hello again!

A bit more to add…

I’m going to try and summarise a bunch of stuff I’ve been reading. It’s easier for me to rattle off a ‘list’ 👍

First, all RNavy records including your Fathers have survived and are available upon request provided that a death certificate or similar proof is supplied.

His service number is P for ‘home base’ Portsmouth and the ‘JX’ is for

‘Seamen and Communicators’. 

His AB is indeed for Able (bodied) Seaman but as you thought it appears he was in fact a Commando.

The Royal Marines have been around for 100’s of years. Commando units though, both of the army & navy, were only first created in ww2.

As I understand it… The Royal Marines created their own separate commando units in 1942 but there were also

‘Royal Naval Beach Commandos’

The courses/qualifications your Father lists ie ‘small arms’ & ‘pre landing specialist’ are consistent with and would qualify him for this role.

https://www.commandoveterans.org/RoyalNavalBeachCommandoMemo 

The RNBC not Royal Marines Commando role is consistent with his late war Far Eastern RN deployment and the early 1946 record cut off point, despite you knowing he served on for several years post war.

All this and more is going to be in his records. Once you have them you will have the facts about his service. If you still then want to understand the context and attach background to his story you can. 
 

The unchallenged best source of information re units and their operations for you is going to be

www.commandoveterans.org

Everything about each unit and theatre of operation is on there. But first you need to get his records…

https://www.gov.uk/get-copy-military-records-of-service/apply-for-the-records-of-a-deceased-serviceperson

I genuinely think your Father had an interesting war. I’m sure you can find the answers you are looking for. Hopefully you share some with us on here…

please just ask if you need a hand.

best wishes

tony 🍻

🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿🇬🇧

Hi Gents, 

I found a printed version of this image from 1898.

Queen Louise of Denmark (1898)

Denmark - 1898,

Queen Louise of Denmark.
In "Le Journal illustré",  

10-16-1898.

The signature looks to me like 

F. Pernile.

However this is not the name on the medal/medallion.. which I believe is Weiner.

After some digging I believe the engraver is one of the Wiener brothers, only Jacques was still alive in 1898, albeit in his eighties, so most likely him.

‘JACQUES WIENER (1815–1899) was the oldest of three brothers who were to become famous as medalists. Born in the Rhineland of Hungarian immigrants, he was apprenticed at the age of 13 to his uncle L. Baruch, a fine engraver in his own right. The two signed some earlier medals jointly. At the age of 30 Wiener was the first to conceive the idea of engraving in precise detail the exterior and interior of a monument on the obverse and reverse of a medal. He engraved with great delicacy ten medals of famous Belgian churches. This he followed with a series of 41 medals, issued between 1850 and 1865, illustrating the most famous European buildings. He also engraved the first Belgian stamps, and for many years was head of the government plant issuing these stamps.’

‘Leopold (1823–1891) studied with his older brother Jacques and then became a pupil of David d'Angers in Paris. In 1847 he returned to Belgium and started engraving a series of large historical medals which commemorated contemporary events and became very popular. In 1864 he was appointed first engraver to the Belgian mint, holding the post until his death. He was responsible for all the currency of Leopold II – some 150 pieces. At the same time he continued striking medals. He also had a considerable reputation as a sculptor; several of his monumental works still adorn public places in Belgium.’

‘Charles (1832–1888) was the third and youngest of the Wiener brothers and, perhaps, had the most brilliant career. He studied at Brussels and Paris where he was a student of Oudiné. In 1865 he settled at The Hague as engraver to the king of Holland, but moved to London, where he was assistant engraver at the Royal Mint. He then went to Lisbon as chief engraver of the Portuguese coins. Returning to Brussels in 1867, Charles devoted himself to medals, which he produced in large number, some in conjunction with his brother Jacques. His English pieces have best withstood the test of time. ‘

Given the absence of any record or even image of this piece yet it’s obvious high status from design to production of miniatures I’m inclined to say it wasn’t ever awarded to the masses, perhaps only to a small select group.

A very nice thing…

tony 🍻

1 hour ago, graham said:

Ouch!!! Lesson learned indeed. I am sure you are glad it was not a PLM!!!!!!!!!!

Can you imagine 😮

I just googled how much is a PLM and there’s one for €25,000!!

That really would be like a scene from a Mr Bean movie 🥴
 

tony 🍻
 

Hello Sandy,

I hope we can initially find a mention or two of your Father to motivate your continued search…

There are many privately maintained projects that aim to recognise and preserve the contribution made by men in for example a local area or with particular units, with some more details from yourself I’ll see what I can find.

The official British World War 2 service records unfortunately are still not available to the general public however usually there are some available to the family of those that have died. I’m happy to help point you in the right direction for that.

So, If you are happy to, would you provide some more information for us please.

Army or Navy?
Doesn’t sound like RAF.

& The unit within the army/navy.

& Rank & Service number.

🤞 this may be on the certificate you mention or will possibly be discernible from a photo of him in uniform if available.

Anything you have might help 

Lastly for now, that book you mention is about British Prisoners of War held by the Japanese. Do you know if he was a POW or not? From his inscription he was either one himself or knew those that were. The Burma Star also supports that presumption.
 

I look forward to seeing what you have.

Best Wishes

tony 🍻

Hello Gents,

I thought I might add this silver example while I’m here…I bought it not that long ago.

At first it looked something like this, with the ring flattened like the image shows, the cross on the crown worn down to a little nub, in fact all of it well rubbed, the crown no longer movable, it shows various repairs and needs more but it had survived 100+ years…

But 10 minutes later it looked like this…

I should have left it alone or taken more care but I couldn’t help trying to open the ring and I messed up…

I was so annoyed with myself and disappointed that I didn’t feel like posting any pictures of it.

However, time heals all wounds so I thought I’d add some pictures here.

Harsh comment is fine Gents, it is much deserved 🫤 I am still kicking myself. 
A lesson learned the hard way.

cheers,

tony 🍻

Hi Gents,

I finally got good enough pictures of the makers marks.

1. ☘️ (clover symbol) 

The clover symbol was used by BSW.

BRÜDER SCHNEIDER A.G WIEN

2. FA

FRANZ ADLER METALLWARENFABRIK

3. GW

GYORFFY ES WOLF FEMIPARI RT.

4. HMA

HAUPTMUNZAMT

5. JC

JOHANN CHRISTELBAUR & SON.

JOHANN (JOSEF) CHRISTLBAUER MINT.

6.MKT

METALL-KUNSTSTOFF-TECHNIK

7. W&A

WINTER & ADLER, WIEN

👆 I’ve still got 19 in the odds and sods section to look at , some have markings I need to work out.

tony 🍻

Hi Gents,

it turned up today for me to see.

I can’t see myself sending it back 😃

On 17/01/2024 at 04:26, Christian1962 said:

I am not sure if there could be an enemal repair on the avers 6 o´clock arm.

Spot on Christian 👍

Its’s definitely got a repaired patch.

There are no marks on the ring!or elsewhere that I have seen.

There is a visible mark/groove but turns out it is not a makers mark as I expected.

As pointed out above, a less common flat reverse with a white enamel ring…

 Producing this side profile…

I think it’s a keeper…

tony 🍻

I love that some gents on here can vouch for medals, tell you who made them and when but it’s voodoo to me & always will be!
 

It’s a tricky thing to be sure enough to put your name to it. With this tally it’s easy for me to give my amateur thoughts, trying to help is a good way to learn but an expert’s opinion on something like this is going to take longer to get. There’s not as many left nowadays I’d guess and still being sure is no simple thing. 
 

Todays advances in the production of convincing forgeries in all fields of life must make it a nightmare. On here, I’ve seen in the past a reluctance to comment on items, Gents pointing out the little errors or tells on the forgery would only help them get it right the next time.

Having said all that, I think the question as to whether yours was just an innocent modern reproduction has been answered, so far so good, hopefully you get the confirmation that it is a period piece one day too.
 

On here answers still pop up years later in some cases so keep an eye out.

cheers

tony 🍻

On 17/01/2024 at 04:26, Christian1962 said:

@tony: I am not sure if there could be an enemal repair on the avers 6 o´clock arm. Solid gold crosses would be hallmarked at the ring. Maybe the hallmark is not visible?

The flat enemal on the backside is a nice variant and not common.

Regards

Christian

On 17/01/2024 at 20:18, djn said:

The cross is not made of gold, it is gilded, it is a WW1 variant, but it is a slightly rarer variant due to the white enamel on the back

Thanks both,

that’s what I needed to know and more.

Ballpark figure £200 which sounds good to me & It’s mine if I want it, I’ll have it to look over next week so I’ll post some more pictures then.

Thanks again,

tony 🍻

On 17/01/2024 at 21:35, SillyOldGrandad said:

Tony, those ribbons are not attached to the collar, they are part of the glengarry

() head slap 👋 ()

Pete, why didn’t I remember that ?

thanks 

tony 🍻

In my opinion what you have looks correct, If you go by its look it is not a modern replica and it has no errors that I can see. Still whether it’s an honest original thing I don’t know enough to say.

I say it looks correct because modern reproductions have a reverse like this 

old ones have this appearance 

which yours does.

I found this example 

It matches yours.

And that missing dot after ‘HOOD’ is not a problem. In WW1 tallies had the dot, by WW2 they didn’t. At some point between the dot was dropped but I don’t know when 🤷‍♂️

The regulation width was 1&1/8 inches which is 28.6 mm and length well over 40inches then cut down. Yours fits with both of these 👍

tony 🍻

Hi Spolei,

The pair of dark buttons are South African. As far as I know these are South African Citizen Force buttons…

(Wikipedia 👇)

“After the Union of South Africa was formed in 1910, General Jan Smuts, the Union's first Minister of Defence, placed a high priority on creating a unified military out of the separate armies of the union's four provinces. The South African Defence Act (Act 13 of 1912) made provision for a UDF that would be composed of a Permanent Force (or standing army) of career soldiers, an Active Citizen Force (ACF) of temporary conscripts, a Coast Garrison Force[1][2] and the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve (South African Division) (RNVR(SA)). “

———————/

This Citizen Force existed between 1912/3 and 1957.

The reverse of the button dates them to the latter of that period, ‘mid 20th century’.

The final four buttons 

On 14/01/2024 at 06:00, nichollg said:

the last row of buttons appear to be RAF

On 14/01/2024 at 06:00, nichollg said:

The epaulette is SAAF rank of Captain.

The eagle and SA also SAAF

I agree with 👆

The four buttons are British Royal Air Force. The left two for service dress I would guess and the right two are ‘blazer’ buttons.

Again the backs only loosely date them to ‘mid 20th century’, but a kings crown dates them as pre 1952 when Elizabeth took the throne.

The gold eagle is South African Air Force, the Latin motto is theirs to this day so I can’t say to it’s age other than the eagle is looking left which may mean it dates between 1993 - 2003 but I can’t be sure.

Unlikely to date to the 1990’s if this was all from one man that seemingly had served in the 1940/50’s.

Maybe these are from two people,

one from mid century who was Captain, serving in ACF & RAF…

& later, the other, the radio operator 🤷‍♂️

nice group of things regardless 

cheers

tony 🍻

Hi Gents,

I’ve been negotiating the release of 9 ktk and some other KuK goodies from a fellow collector… his weakness is the good old German EK…

He wants these from me…

I want these from him…

we had just reached a deal 😁 when he threw this curveball at me 👇

As you gents may have noticed I don’t buy things like this, I’m sure I’ve not spent more than 100quid on a medal/cross for literally years.

I know the pictures aren’t much to go on but soon I’ll see it and get a better look.

Until then, do any of you have any advice for me please? 
I know it’s ‘Gold’ class but is it actually gold? The ring has wear & looks like gilt not gold 🤷‍♂️

Is it dateable?

I could look some of it up, & that’s fun when others are asking, but for myself I’d rather ask you Gents 🍻

cheers

tony

Hi Robbo,

I’ve had a look through the original post which has good facts 👍

My tuppence worth is to focus on the ribbon worn on the rear of the collar.

As a Welshman I know the Royal Welsh Fusiliers wear one. I just read that it represents a ponytail that was traditionally worn or something like that.

Though I don’t know of others that did/do if this is not the RWF it appears from the photo some did/do.

There is a fusiliers connection with the Connaught Rangers.

There was also the RDF 👇

This came up too, similar shape design but I’m not sure if it is RDF.

This is an RWF glengarry badge 👇

In 1871 then 1881 and there were big changes in structure and uniforms of the British army, with tweaks made for the rest of Queen Victorias reign ( to 1902)

As will all unwelcome/unnecessary change especially, there was some push back and it took time.

Men that purchased their own uniforms and that was particularly noticeable amongst militias didn’t hurry to adopt the changes. Historic badges/buttons were retained and used out of place by men and officers alike, collar badges on caps or old buttons on mess dress for example.

For now , If pushed, I’d say your man is a fusilier and, without me knowing others with the ribbon, that he is in a Royal Welsh Fusiliers uniform. I’d then have to guess that if they are not simply ‘hard to make out’ RWF badges then the collar badges are his from ‘before’ ie he served in a unit amalgamated into RWF or disbanded.

I’ve underlined all the if’s because with some Gent on here letting us know other units with the ribbon, and I bet there is… it’s all change 🤷‍♂️

tony 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿🇬🇧

Hello and welcome to GMIC 🍻

I’ve asked about a couple of tallies myself on here, the devil’s in the detail, particularly of the reverse.

The reverse may not immediately confirm it is a period item but it can rule it out.

Also the length of it, or maybe scale I should say 🤔, is important to help find your answer.

You realistically accept it could go either way and I doubt many original hood tallies survive but most things have a story even if it is not that hoped for 🤷‍♂️
 

If you can post some more pictures then hopefully we’ll be able to help.

tony 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿🇬🇧

👇  mine…

 Hello Gents,

here are a few pictures of my IMS officers cap/hat, alone in its own right. It’s going to be in the Indian Medical Service post I’m working on but i can’t resist…

The black IMS hat is covered (sewn) by a khaki cover…

The hat is theatre made.

It has a feature that is a new one to me. Currently it is detached but as such easier to see… There is a hinged (it pops) metal support for the front of the cap that has 2 positions.
The first is set straight and when worn like this gives the hat a clear tall appearance.

Then the second position is right angled.

Maybe for transit but perhaps for more discreet or informal wear.

This is how it would align, with the leather that has broken originally attached around the internal wire in the top and the other end attached behind the badge at the front.

I’ve not got much to go on but still this seems an uncommon feature to me. 🤷‍♂️

It has Edwardian buttons so dates from 1902-10 or thereabouts.

Cheers 

tony 🍻

Hello Gents,

A summary of the history of the IMS.

Prior to 1764, all medical officers in the employ of the East India Company  were unranked. There were two grades of medical officer:

• Head Surgeon
• Surgeon

In 1764 came the formation of the Indian Medical Service (IMS) Thereafter there were four primary ranks of medical officer.
From 1769, The Surgeon-General (at other times designated Physician-General or Chief Surgeon) headed the service, while Head Surgeons, who ranked immediately below, nominally oversaw the main military hospitals in the subcontinent, though the exact scope of their authority remained vague. Below the Head Surgeons were Surgeons, followed by Hospital Mates. Very soon, Head Surgeons were redesignated Surgeon-Majors, with Hospital Mates becoming Assistant Surgeons. Apart from the Surgeon-General or his equivalent, all medical officers ranked with warrant officers. 

In 1785, The rank of Surgeon-Major was apparently discontinued and replaced by the former rank of Head Surgeon. 

In 1786, formal three-member Medical Boards were established, with one Board for each Presidency.

In 1788, medical officers were reclassified as commissioned officers but this wasn’t comparable with military status.

In 1807, the rank of Superintending Surgeon was officially introduced, having been informally used since around 1803. Ranking above Head Surgeons (redesignated Senior Surgeons around this time), they supplanted them as professional administrators of military hospitals. Each army division was allotted a Superintending Surgeon. 

In 1842, the three positions on each Medical Board were ranked in order of seniority as Physician-General, Surgeon-General and Inspector-General of Hospitals, respectively. 

In 1843, the East India Company formalized equivalent military ranks for medical officers.

In 1858 the British government dissolved the East India Company and asserted its rule over India.

It abolished the Medical Boards and replaced the appointments of Physician-General and Surgeon-General with a single Director-General. Superintending Surgeons were also redesignated Deputy Inspectors-General at the same time.
The ranks of the medical service thus became:

• Director-General/Inspector-General - ranking with Brigadier-Generals
• Deputy Inspectors-General - ranking with Lieutenant-Colonels
• Senior Surgeons - ranking with Majors
• Surgeons - ranking with Captains
• Assistant Surgeons - ranking with Lieutenants

In 1862, the rank of Director-General was briefly redesignated as Principal Inspector-General, but the former designation was restored in 1866.

In 1869 followed the redesignation of Director-General as Inspector-General. 

In 1873, A new ranking system was introduced…

• Surgeon-General - ranking with Brigadier-Generals
• Deputy Surgeons-General - ranking with Lieutenant-Colonels
• Surgeons-Major - ranking with Majors
• Surgeons (6+ years of service) - ranking with Captains
• Surgeons (less than 6 years of service) - ranking with Lieutenants

In 1880, again a new ranking system was introduced. The rank of Brigade Surgeon was introduced and all Surgeons regardless of their date of joining were ranked as Captains. 

The IMS ranks were then as follows…

• Surgeon-General - ranking with Brigadier-General
• Deputy Surgeons-General - ranking with Colonels
• Brigade Surgeons - ranking with Lieutenant-Colonels
• Surgeons-Major - ranking with Majors
• Surgeons - ranking with Captains

In 1884 the medical officers of the Army Medical Department were brought together with the quartermasters who provided their supplies to form the Army Medical Staff. The Army Medical Staff was given command of the Medical Staff Corps, which consisted entirely of other ranks.

The next years following this reshuffle were not without problems. This is no surprise once you read the following 👇

The root cause of unhappiness in the Army Medical Service in the following years came as medical officers did not have military rank but instead…

"advantages corresponding to relative military rank"

(((such as choice of quarters, rates of lodging money, servants, fuel and light, allowances on account of injuries received in action, and pensions and allowances to widows and families)))

- They had inferior pay in India.

- They had to serve long periods of Indian and colonial service, in India they were required to serve for six years at a stretch.

- They received very little recognition in the way of honours and awards.
- They did not have their own identity as did, for example, the Army Service Corps, whose officers did have the status of a military rank.

1887 -1889

For over two years from 27 July 1887 there were no recruits to the Army Medical Department. A number of complaints were published, and the British Medical Journal were among those that campaigned loudly.

In 1890, A parliamentary committee report highlighted the doctors' injustices. There was no response from the Secretary of State for War. 
The British Medical Association, the Royal College of Physicians and others redoubled their protests.

In 1891, for the first time, IMS officers were given formal military ranks corresponding to those of their British Indian Army counterparts. The appointment of Surgeon-General was upgraded to that of a Major-General, with the title of Surgeon Major-General. The rank of Surgeon-Lieutenant was also introduced this year.

In 1895, the head of the service was named its Director-General, holding the rank and appointment of a Surgeon-General (Surgeon Major-General).

IMS military ranks dropped the prefix of "Surgeon" in 1898.

25 June 1898

At long last, by authority of a royal warrant signed by Queen Victoria, the officers and soldiers providing medical services were incorporated into a new body known by, then and to this day, the Royal Army Medical Corps, the RAMC.

Well Gents, I thank you if you’ve made it this far 🍻.
I’ve a fair bit more to ‘suss out’. This is all about background I need to have to make sense of my IMS bits and bobs.
The IMS and the RAMC were separate but with a relationship that existed for nearly 50 years.

Cheers

tony 🍻

PS

We Brit colonisers weren’t without our benefits 👇

From an Indian article…

The British Imperial government set up and strengthened an organized medical system in Colonial India that replaced the indigenous Indian and Arabic medicine systems. Slow progress in early years was due to indifference on the part of people and a lack of funds and medical professionals on the part of the government. The people of India resisted the British colonialism, and they were reluctant to support any services by the foreign government. These trends slowly changed as the natives were educated according to the British system. They then decided to serve in Indian civil and military services and lessen their hardships by taking part in government affairs. That is why Indian Medical Services flourished in the late 19th and early 20th century. There were dramatic improvements in medical and sanitary conditions in British India. 

The IMS efficiently coped up with deadly epidemics like the plague and cholera. Almost all the diseases prevalent at that time in India like small pox, leprosy, and malaria were controlled successfully. There were very few epidemics in later years and many of the diseases were almost eradicated. Officers and researchers of Indian Medical Services contributed a lot to the study and prevention of diseases. The role of medical officers serving in India should be better judged by their aspirations, priorities, and limitations. Although the archetypical colonial design of medical services, Eurocentric policies, and neglect of the indigenous population failed to relieve the plight of the poor for many years, the work completed during that period of time formed the basis of what we have achieved today to improve the health of people

When the British Empire came into power in India, they faced the challenge of a new set of diseases that were endemic in that region. India was a vast country with environments ranging from the world's highest mountains to plain green fields, and from tropical forests to barren deserts. Such a diverse region had its own peculiar diseases, which were difficult to prevent with the limited resources of the IMS. Enormous amounts of work was done for the prevention of epidemics to save the lives of people in India in general, and the Imperial troops and officers, in particular. Epidemic diseases that had devastating effects during that period were plague, leprosy, cholera, and malaria. The British government took great efforts to prevent diseases but due to insufficient medical officers and funds, the major target was to alleviate suffering and render curative services as it was solely a state responsibility during that period with virtually no volunteer or private-sector organizations. Prevention and environmental hygiene had long been neglected. It wasn’t until the late 19th century that the government realized that many deaths could be prevented and public health services were strengthened.

The medical corps of the Indian Army was initially complex and medical duties were divided between different organisations. For example, The Indian Medical Service was responsible for the welfare of Indian soldiers and their British officers as well as for British officials and their dependant families and staffed by British doctors. The Indian Medical Department was composed of mixed race Anglo-Indians who could treat both British and Indian troops as well having Indian doctors who were permitted to treat only Indian troops. There was also the Army Hospital Corps (which administered hospitals for British troops and supplied male nurses) and the Army Bearer Corps (which provided stretcher bearers). 

In 1920 great changes were introduced and the AHC and the ABC were merged to become The Indian Hospital Corps.

In 1943, the Medical Department, the Indian Medical Service and the Hospital Corps were finally amalgamated to become one all-embracing Indian Army Medical Corps.

55 minutes ago, Harry the Mole said:

Steer well clear of that type, they are junk. Often advertised as 'bronze' instead of 'bronze coated'. have a close look at the face of the lion, it is truly dreadful!

 

Cheers,

            Steve

I did, it was stated as repro and was 9 quid.

Be warned, I’ll be DM’ing you if I think I’ve found something worthwhile 😁