#1 is the piece my grandfather gave me when I was awarded my US Navy Dolphins in 1975. He passed away in 1979. I have compared the BSW Hallmark with an Austrian Artillery Qualification Badge I have and there is only a slight difference. I found a reference that stated that the artillery badge was stopped being made in 1913. Also as I understand it, all original Gov. issued pieces were only given out to individuals actually assigned to a boat and were collected when the individual left the boat. All of these badges were supposedly destroyed after the war. As a side note, being a submarine sailor myself, I have an idea of what these guys went through in these unproven machines and after sinking and/or damaging some of the British, French and Italian greatest warships I believe it unlikely that the Empire would have collected them all and destroyed them- just my opinion.
I have seen reference that they were only issued to the enlisted and only after completion of Submarine school. Officers were allowed to purchase their own from a private manufacturer like BSW. I have also seen reference to the badge being awarded to enlisted graduates of submarine school who graduated at the head of their class prior to the beginning of the war. It is possible that the piece I received from my grandfather is either the one awarded or possibly one he purchased it himself.
#2 is a copy of #1 that a friend of mine cast in silver from a mold he made of the original.
#'s 3 & 4 look authentic but the BSW Hallmarks are the same but differ considerably from #1. These may have been veteran's pieces or jeweler made pieces.
#5 & 7 I was told were fakes because of the smell. I have seen the clip on #5 on a museum copy being sold on the web so maybe it is one of them doctored. #7 has the same patina as #4.
#6 has a screw back and I believe it to be made in Poland or Czech Republic. Got it for $18.00
None of the pin backs are marked and probably reproductions because none of them really cost that much.
#8 – 10 looked like novelty pieces. #11 I received from a group I belong to in Salzburg Austria. #12 appears to be a period sweetheart pin with a five pointed starfish hallmark. #13 appears to be a period stick pin. #14 is a commemoration pin Welt Krieg 1914 -1916 Hochsee-Flotte. #15 cap badge. #16 stamped badge gold and silver color. #17 same as 16 but silver color back. #18 & 19 stamped, look to be made by the same maker. #20 is like #18 but aged. #21 beautifully finished but like current anodized finishes. #22 stamped like it is done in bright silver.
To make short story long, I collect just about every one of these I find (sans the $1500 piece). I am looking for a way to date the marked pieces with the history of BSW hallmark used before and during WWI. My grandfather's picture is at http://www.ww1medals.net/SMU-4.html
Regards