Hi John, (& Steve) Thanks for the feedback. The group came from an estate sale (Livingston Auctions, Oklahoma). There were quite a lot of military (esp German) articles up for auction. Most items went for high $$. Though there weren't many medals in this collection, this badge group was listed. I put a low bid, thinking that if if I picked them up, they probably were copies but at least they would round out a place in my collection (gap filler). When I received them, I noted the "maker's marks" and thought, "hmmm... I wonder....". Hence I thought I would get some expert opinion and posted them here. One of the Heer badges I have had for a long time and posted that as well. I originally bought that one as an original so it will be interesting to see what comes back. I predominantly collect medals, so I thank you for the feedback on these badges as I learn. Cheers, and thanks very much! Tom