Dave Danner

These are the awards to Americans, British and Canadians, from Verordnungs-Blatt No. 32 of 14 May 1871:

I think: Oberstleutnant Konrad Neubauer - 3.8.14 - 22.12.14 Major Ernst Freiherr von Forstner - 22.12.14-25.1.15 Oberstleutnant Konrad Neubauer - 25.1.15-24.5.15 Oberst August Karl Georg Jonas - 24.5.15-10.1.17 Major Ernst Lauteschl?ger - 10.1.17-?.18 Oberstleutnant Rudolf Seiler - ?.1918-dissolution

It might be a badly struck "G" for J. Godet & S?hne.

The non-Bavarian ones are even vaguer:

I included them all because in most cases there is no real way to distinguish. They were almost all for bravery or distinguished conduct, whether awarded to civilians or military personnel. There were a few which were for general military merit, of the kind for which the order was routinely awarded before 1914. A typical example of a mix of civilian and military awardees:

In 1870 and 1871 there were the following awards: Grosskreuz: at least 5 to Bavarians; 16 to Prussians (1 of whom was the Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin)Grosskomturkreuz: at least 14 to Bavarians; 25 Prussians, 1 SaxonKomturkreuz: at least 31 to Bavarians; 80 Prussians, 4 Saxons, 1 Badener, 1 Hessian, 1 W?rttembergerRitterkreuz 1. Klasse: at least 208 to Bavarians; 112 Prussians, 1 Saxon, 3 Badeners, 3 Hessians, 5 W?rttembergers, 1 Dutch, 1 AmericanRitterkreuz 2. Klasse: at least 1175 to Bavarians; 245 Prussians, 1 Saxon, 1 Badener, 2 Hessians, 1 W?rttemberger, 1 Mecklenburger, 2 Americans, 3 English, 1 CanadianThe "at least" is because I am missing one of the Armee-Befehle from December 1870. Most likely, based on the trend in other Armee-Befehle, there were about another 1 Grosskomtur, 2-3 Komtur, 20-25 Ritter 1.Klasse, and 100-150 Ritter 2.Klasse. Also note that in some cases "Prussian" included other states. In all cases, Anhalters, Thuringians, Hamburgers, etc. were included among Prussian Army awards. In a few cases, the Bavarians did not distinguish other states among the North German Confederation states (I noted at least one GR 89 officer, so likely a Mecklenburger, among a Prussian list). The non-Germans were all doctors.

He or his tailor might have been a stickler for precedence and figured a kingdom took precedence over a grand duchy.

It's the Felddienst-Auszeichnung, Baden's general service decoration. There were 18 possible bars for the medal: 1805 1806 1806-1807 1807 1808-1813 1809 1809-1810 1812 1813 1814 1814-1815 1815 1848 1849 1866 1870 1870-1871 1871 That one has a good chocolate-y patina.

I had a long discussion with Eric Ludvigsen about these Crown Orders several years' ago, but unfortunately I don't remember the details and sadly we have lost Eric's wisdom. I have a "non-textbook" example with the longer swords. i.e., not from one of the official makers like Wagner but probably a Godet as Andreas mentions, whose provenance Eric vouched for. I too would prefer a "textbook" example, but for now am satisfied with what I have.

In December 1914, 8./bay.Res.Fu?art.Rgt.3 was attached to XV.Armeekorps for heavy artillerie support. In March 1917, XV.Armeekorps was more Bavarian than anything else. It was composed of the the 30.bay.Res.Div., the 39.bay.Res.Div., the 84.Landw.Inf.Brig., and the 61.Landw.Inf.Brig. The original divisions of the XV.Armeekorps, the 30.Inf.Div. and the 39.Inf.Div., were then part of the XII.Armeekorps and the XXVI.Reservekorps respectively.

Another example. Maybe people already have full bios on this guy, but if not... In the 1914 Rangliste, we have Karl Friedrich Paulin Coupette (10.11.1855-16.6.1929) as a Generalmajor and head of the Inspektion der technischen Institute der Artillerie. His awards are the RAO4mSchleife, KO3, and DA25. All the Ehrenrangliste says about him is Generalleutnant a.D. If you happened to look, you would find in Roth that Coupette received the BMV2X on 28 April 1916. The Stellenbesetzung der deutschen Heere 1815-1939 notes that Coupette became Feldzeugmeister on 24 September 1916. The 1918 Handbuch f?r das Deutsche Reich adds a bit more. Coupette was apparently named a deputy in the Bundesrat. His entry there notes the following: the upgrade of his Red Eagle to an RAO2XmE, and the award of the EK1, EK2, Prussian Merit Cross for War Aid, the aforementioned BMV2X, the Saxon War Merit Cross, the W?rttemberg Crown Order Commander's Cross with Swords, the Hesse General Honor Decoration "For War Merit" on the War Ribbon, the Oldenburg Friedrich-August Cross 1st and 2nd Class, and the Hamburg Hanseatenkreuz. A quick list also shows a few other Bundesrat deputies with the plM, the MKFVO, the MSHO and the WMVO, among others.

Thanks, Now my other question, for which this thread was really sort of a test. Have people gone through the 1918 Prussian and German State Handbooks and checked the awards there against various reserve officers and others? There are an awful lot of awards throughout those handbooks, from members of the Herrenhaus to postal inspectors. For instance, if you look in Roth's Verdienstorden & Albrechtsorden 1914-1918, you see that one Julius Dau, a Postrat with the Armee-Post-Direktion 3. Armee, received the SA3aX on 19.4.15. Looking at the 1918 Handbook for the German Empire, we see under the Ober-Postdirektion zu Dresden, that Postrat Dau had the RAO4, the Iron Cross 2nd Class, the Prussian Landwehr-Dienstauszeichnung 1. Kl., and the Hamburg Hanseatenkreuz. He is listed as having the SA3XmKr, though, which is not in the rolls. The Postrat right after Dau is named Wagner. He received, besides the RAO4, the EK2, the SA3aX and the Saxe-Meiningen Cross for Merit in War. Dau received the SA3aX on 19.4.15 as Postrat in the Etappen-Telegrafinspektion of Etappen-Inspektion 3. The Postrat after is named Wiche and is identified as having the EK2, the SA3aX and the Saxe-Meiningen Cross for Merit in War. The SA3aX was received on 21.10.14 as Oberpostinspektor beim AOK 3. Armee. Under the Dresden Fernsprechamt is a Vizetelegraphendirektor Dehn with the EK1, EK2 and BZ3bX. The only Dehn in the Baden rolls is a Lt. d.L. in LIR 109. The Postmeister of Dippoldiswalde, named Joseph, is shown in the 1918 Handbook with the EK2, the SA3aX, the SA3bX, and the Saxon LD2. The only matching name in the SA3aX and SA3bX rolls is Hptm.d.R.a.D. Hermann Joseph, with Landsturm-Infanterie Bataillon XII/5 Pirna. A Postrat Holst in Hamburg is shown with the EK2, LD2, Bavarian Military Merit Order 4th Class with Swords, W?rttemberg Wilhelms-Kreuz, Hesse General Honor Decoration for Bravery, and Hamburg Hanseatenkreuz. Under the Reichsversicherungsanstalt f?r Angestellte, among the members of the Direktorium is a man named Roth. He is listed as the Sozialsekret?r bei den Rheinischen Stahlwerken zu Duisburg-Meiderich. He is listed as having the EK1 and EK2, and the Knight's Cross of the W?rttemberg Military Merit Order. Under Kommissarische Hilfsarbeiter is a Dr. Snay, a Kgl. Preuss. Gerichtsassessor. He is shown with the EK1 and EK2, the HHO3X (gazetted on 15.12.17), and the BZ3bX (13.8.17, Oberlt.d.R., J?gR 3). The 1914 ranklist has a Lt.d.R. Snay with the reserve officers of IR 51. Have people already cross-referenced these handbooks against other sources to list out all these awards? If not, I can continue to copy relevant pages. If the work has already been done, I guess I don't need to duplicate it though. If nothing else, the two books probably have about half the EK2s on the Nichtk?mpferband that were awarded.

The Stamm-Liste was on microfilm. I printed out the pages with the biographical details (at 25 cents a page) and have a paper copy. I can probably take them to my office and make a PDF. It will likely be a large PDF file. I also made a printout of the other book mentioned in the other thread, Die Ritter des Eisernen Kreuzes in alphabetischer Reihenfolge, Bd. 1, Hefte 1 & 2. The PDF I made is 63 pages and 4.19 megabytes. Based on the number of pages and the average number of names per page, I'd estimate there are somewhere over 4,000 names of EK recipients from the first months of the war. I guess I can upload them at some point so you all can download them, like I did with the Hesse orders list and the W?rttemberg Staatshandbuch excerpts (though who knows if anyone even cared about those). I suppose I could have thought about charging something for them, to defray the costs of printing, but since its only 50/50 whether I will live longer than the next few months, money isn't much of a concern. Regards,

Well, I guess no one was interested. I honestly know nothing about what this officer did during the war. I just know he did something. His civilian job is all I knew. He was a member of the Board of Directors of the Reichsbank with the rank of Geheimer Ober-Finanzrat. Below is his entry from the 1918 Handbuch f?r das Deutsche Reich. To the prewar awards above he added the Iron Cross 1st and 2nd Class, the Bavarian Military Merit Order 4th Class with Crown and Swords, the Mecklenburg-Strelitz Cross for Distinction in War and the Cross 1st Class for Distinction in War, the Ducal Saxe-Ernestine House Order Commander's Cross with Star and Swords, and the Saxe-Meiningen Honor Cross for Merit in War. The other members of the Board have a mix of non-combat awards: the Iron Cross 2nd Class on the non-combatant ribbon, the Prussian Merit Cross for War Aid, the Baden War Merit Cross, and the Hesse General Honor Decoration "For War Merit".

Thanks, that would be great to know. I figured this one was a bit of a find because there aren't published rolls yet for Mecklenburg-Schwerin's MVK, and this covers a lot of recipients, plus their other awards. BTW, I'm kind of depressed no one has taken up my Karl von Lumm quiz yet. I kind of thought I had a nice little surprise there too. Plus, to be honest, I have no idea what exactly he did during the war.

I had seen pre-war Stammlisten, such as the Stammliste des Offizier-Korps des Infanterie-Regiments von Horn (3. Rheinisches) Nr. 29, 1813-1901. and the Offizier-Stammliste des K?niglich Bayerischen Infanterie-Leib-Regiments. 1814 bis 1891, but I hadn't seen any for World War I, other than some abbreviated lists in regimental histories. How many World War I ones would you guess you have?

Is this a source that people were aware of, and just didn't include in the lists of reference materials in the personal research forum? Or have I stumbled across a hell of a little gem? The Stamm-Liste des Grossherzoglichen Mecklenburgischen F?silier-Regiments Nr. 90, Kaiser Wilhelm, published in 1921, covers all the regular and reserve officers of FR 90. It includes their war postings and all their wartime decorations. Here is a sample:

I realize this is just a clash of contrarian personalities who enjoy a good internet give-and-take. It should have been clear from my first round of posts both the extent of my knowledge and the level of my respect for what black soldiers endured through the course of American military history. I have served under, served with, and commanded black soldiers in the U.S. Army. A few years ago, I began the outline of a novel dealing with a young 10th Cavalry trooper who fought on San Juan Heights with Black Jack Pershing and in the Philippines, and then, after leaving the Army and attending college, returned as one of the relatively few black officers in the Army during World War I. That's one reason why I had saved all those pictures from the Archives and from Emmett Scott's book, to find ways of better expressing the characters. The whole point of the medal dispute is this: you had stated that the 369th was said to have been the most highly decorated of the US units in France in 1917 and 1918. I noted that while the 369th had certainly earned its share of awards (even if the ones they earned never came), they were far from the most highly decorated U.S. unit. That distinction belongs the regiments of the U.S. divisions that spent the most time on the line, especially the regular regiments of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd Divisions (as well as the Marine Corps brigade of the 2nd Division), certain National Guard regiments, especially those of the 26th, 27th and 42nd Divisions, and certain National Army units, especially the 77th. I noted the numbers of the highest awards and, where known, the French unit citations the regiments earned. Nowhere did I "say that that the CdG was not worth much": those were the words you put in my mouth. I merely dispute that the CdG is the reliable yardstick, unless one also considers the Silver Citation Star, a citation specifically patterned by the U.S. Army after the CdG. Citing the number awarded was, as I explained above, to better place in context the numbers of DSCs and Silver Citation Stars relative to the number of U.S. troops in the war, and the numbers of CdGs relative to the far greater number of French troops in the war and the longer period of time they had been fighting. For that matter, in placing the CdGs and other decorations of the 93rd's regiments in context with awards of other U.S. Army infantry regiments, one also should consider the CdGs and other French decorations awarded to these other regiments. They earned far fewer than the 93rd's regiments, but that was mainly because they primarily operated under U.S. command. The 356th Infantry of the 89th Division, for example, earned 4 Legions of Honneur, two Medailles Militaire, and 24 Croix de Guerre. One of those Medailles militaire was earned by Harold Johnston, a Medal of Honor recipient; the other by Clyde Dewalt, a DSC recipient. Of course, one officer of the 356th is emblematic of the conflicted history of black soldiers in the U.S. Army. Then-1st Lt. Arthur S. Champeny of the 356th Infantry earned the DSC, the Ld'H, and the CdG in France. In World War II, he earned a second DSC, making him one of a select group of multiple DSC recipients. In Korea, he earned a third DSC. In the history of the U.S. Army, only 20 soldiers have earned 3 or more DSCs, and Champeny is the only man to earn them in three different wars. However, for all of Champeny's personal courage and combat leadership skills, he has tarnished his reputation by his poor leadership of the 24th Regimental Combat Team in Korea, still a segregated unit at the time, and by his blaming much of the failures of his unit on the alleged poor combat capabilities of black soldiers. Anyway, I have no further interest in arguing over this. As noted, I have agreed with you from the beginning that the experience of black soldiers in the First World War was shamefully long underreported and disrespected. Similarly, the elevation to legend of Teddy Roosevelt's volunteer cavalry on San Juan Heights , and the consequent denigration of the role of the regular cavalry and infantry, especially the Buffalo Soldiers, was another shameful chapter.

You are putting words into my mouth. I did not say the CdG "was not worth much". I said that the CdG was not directly comparable to the DSC, but was more analogous to the Silver Citation Star. The numbers quoted, and the same could be applied to the EK, are relative to the number of troops who saw combat. 2 million CdGs or 2 million EKs (or whatever the number was in WW1) was in the context of the millions of French and German soldiers who saw combat. Because the number of U.S. troops who saw combat in France was smaller (about 1,390,000) than the 8,000,000 or so French soldiers, and because the French were in the war much longer and thus had more repeat awards, the 100,000 to 150,000 Silver Citation Stars seems to represent a fair analogy to most CdGs. You are free to add DSCs to Silver Stars if you think many CdGs could be compared to many DSCs. I would also add M?dailles militaire, though, since for French enlisted soldiers that is generally considered the highest bravery award. One could easily quibble over whether a particular CdG avec Palme meant more than a M?daille militaire, but the MM was the higher medal in the French ODM. One could easily quibble over many a DSC or Silver Star, too. What a more senior officer like Douglas MacArthur got his Silver Stars for might have been considered routine for a private, who'd have nothing to show for it. Reading through the citations from the American Expeditionary Force and War Department (the levels of command closer to that of the palme for the CdG), I can see a wide variance of what the acts were, but that's a story repeated by every army in every war.

Good to know. Thanks! I checked and it appears the full book is available on Google Books here: http://books.google.com/books?id=obUHAAAAIAAJ American users can access it, and maybe UK users, but apparently fear of copyright issues keeps Google from making these online books accessible elsewhere.

Attached below is an excerpt from the Bavarian 1914 Milit?r-Handbuch. The officer who is circled is char. Major Karl von Lumm, and he certainly has a lot of decorations. Since officers like him don't appear in the Ehrenrangliste, who can tell me any more about this officer, why he was significant, and what he might have done during the war?

I do not believe there was a policy barring African-Americans from receiving the MoH, but the racism from President Wilson down through much of the Army hierarchy was certainly an impediment. At least four recommendations were made, with Freddie Stowers' being "misplaced" and three others downgraded to the DSC. There were a number of awards in both the Civil War and the Indian Wars. The Army also awarded 5 Medals of Honor to cavalrymen of the 10th Cavalry during the Spanish-American War. Along with one from the Apache Wars, Buffalo Soldiers of the 10th Cavalry earned 6 Medals of Honor. Black soldiers of the 10th's sister cavalry regiment, the 9th Cavalry Regiment, earned 11 Medals of Honor in the Indian Wars. White officers of the 9th and 10th Cavalry earned another 6 Medals of Honor in the Indian Wars. This is what I have for DSC statistics for the 93rd Division's regiments: 369th Infantry Butler, William, SGT, August 18, 1918, Maison-de-ChampagneEarl, Elmer, CPL, September 26, 1918, Ripont SwampJohnson, Henry, SGT, May 13-15, 1918, ArgonneLandon, Harold M., 1LT, September 29, 1918, SechaultMcCowin, Elmer, PVT, September 26, 1918, Ripont SwampMcLoughlin, Comerford, 1LT, September 26, 1918, RipontPickering, Woodell A., LTC, September 26-October 1, 1918, ChampagneShethar, Samuel, CPT, September 26-October 1, 1918, ChampagneSpencer, Lorillard, MAJ, September 26, 1918, ChampagneWalton, Edward A., 1LT, September 16, 1918, Ripont370th Infantry Barnes, Robert, SGT, September 19, 1918, Mont de SingesCrawford, William B., CPT, September 30, 1918, Ferme-de-la-RiviereDavis, Leroy, PVT, September 18, 1918, Mont-de-SangesFuquay, James, PVT, September 28, 1918, Guillemet FarmGibson, Ralph, SGT, November 8, 1918, BeaumeIrby, Spirley E., PVT, November 8, 1918, BeaumeJackson, Rufus B., 2LT, September 28, 1918, Farm La FolieJenkins, Mathew, SGT, September 20, 1918, VauxaillonJohnson, Arthur, PVT, September 30, 1918, Mont des SingesMonroe, Charlie T., SGT, September 24, 1918, Mont-de-SangesPowell, Tom, PVT, November 8, 1918, Beaume (posthumous)Thompson, Emmett, SGT, September 20-October 1, 1918, Mont-de-SangesValley, Isaac, CPL, July 22, 1918, VraincourtWarfield, William J., 1LT, September 28, 1918, Ferme-de-la-RiviereWhite, Nathaniel C., PFC, September 19, 1918, Vauxaillon (posthumous)371st Infantry Bryson, Samuel R., 1LT, September 29, 1918, ChampagneCooper, Thomas, SGT, September 30-October 2, 1918, Trieres FarmCope, Tobe C., MAJ, September 3, 19180, Trieres Farm (posthumous)Diggs, Junius, PVT, September 30, 1918, ArdeuilGilmer, Robert A., 2LT, September 30, 1918, Trieres Farm (posthumous)Hammond, LeRoy H., CPT, September 28 & 29, 1918, ArdeuilHolmes, Burton, PVT, September 28, 1918, Hill 188 (posthumous)Jones, Sandy E., CPL, September 28-29, 1918, ChampagneLesesne, Francis K., CPT, September 29, 1918, ArdeuilMoses, Ellison, PVT, September 30, 1918, ArdeuilParker, Charles W., 2LT, September 29-October 1, 1918, ArdeuilPate, Joseph B., MAJ, September 28, 1918, Meuse-ArgonneRanson, John O., 1LT, September 30, 1918, Ardeuil (posthumous)Richey, William R., Jr., CPT, September 29-30, 1918, ArdeuilShepherd, Marion H., CPT, September 29-30, 1918, RipontSpencer, Edward L., 2LT, September 30, 1918, ArdeuilStewart, Malley, PVT, September 29, 1918, Bussy FarmTeer, Hubert O., 1LT, September 29, 1918, ArdeuilVinton, Thomas W., 1LT, September 29-October 1, 1918, Ardeuil372d Infantry Crawford, Clifford, PVT, September 28-29, 1918, Bussy FarmGross, George, PVT, September 29, 1918, Sechault (posthumous)Hames, William W., 1LT, September 28-29, 1918, Bussy FarmJohns, Samuel H., PVT, September 28, 1918, Bussy FarmJohnson, Samuel M., MAJ, September 27, 1918, Bussy FarmMerrimon, Clifton, CPL, September 27, 1918, Bussy FarmPayne, Ira M., SGT, September 29, 1918, SechaultRobison, Edward M., CPT, October 1-3, 1918, MonthoisSessions, Harry C., 2LT, September 28-29, 1918, Bussy FarmSumner, Charles S., CPT, September 28-29, 1918, Bussy FarmVan Allen, Clarence R., PVT, September 28, 1918, Bussy FarmWalsh, Preston F., 1LT, September 27-October 7, 1918, MonthoisWilson, Harvey W., 2LT, September 28-29, 1918, Bussy FarmIt is not a criticism to the bravery of the soldiers of these regiments, but they were far from the most decorated U.S. Army regiments. The most decorated were among the following: 4th Infantry, 3rd Division ? 1 Medal of Honor recipient, 68 DSC recipients; Croix de Guerre with Gilt Star unit citation9th Infantry, 2nd Division ? 2 Medal of Honor recipients, 136 DSC recipients; 3 Croix de Guerre with Palm unit citations, Croix de Guerre fourragere16th Infantry, 1st Division ? 152 DSC recipients; 2 Croix de Guerre with Palm unit citations, Medaille Militaire fourragere23rd Infantry, 2nd Division ? 89 DSC recipients; 3 Croix de Guerre with Palm unit citations, Croix de Guerre fourragere26th Infantry, 1st Division ? 97 DSC recipients; 2 Croix de Guerre with Palm unit citations, Medaille Militaire fourragere28th Infantry, 1st Division ? 3 Medal of Honor recipients, 126 DSC recipients; 2 Croix de Guerre with Palm unit citations, Croix de Guerre fourragere30th Infantry, 3rd Division ? 72 DSC recipients; Croix de Guerre with Palm unit citation38th Infantry, 3rd Division ? 89 DSC recipients; Croix de Guerre with Palm unit citation60th Infantry, 5th Division ? 2 Medal of Honor recipients, 40 DSC recipients101st Infantry, 26th Division ? 1 Medal of Honor recipient, 57 DSC recipients102nd Infantry, 26th Division ? 80 DSC recipients103rd Infantry, 26th Division ? 1 Medal of Honor recipient, 49 DSC recipients107th Infantry, 27th Division ? 5 Medal of Honor recipients, 81 DSC recipients117th Infantry, 30th Division ? 3 Medal of Honor recipients, 70 DSC recipients118th Infantry, 30th Division ? 6 Medal of Honor recipients, 58 DSC recipients119th Infantry, 30th Division ? 3 Medal of Honor recipients, 70 DSC recipients125th Infantry, 32nd Division ? 81 DSC recipients; Croix de Guerre with Palm unit citation131st Infantry, 33rd Division ? 2 Medal of Honor recipients, 94 DSC recipients132nd Infantry, 33rd Division ? 5 Medal of Honor recipients, 48 DSC recipients 165th Infantry, 42nd Division ? 3 Medal of Honor recipients, 97 DSC recipients167th Infantry, 42nd Division ? 1 Medal of Honor recipient, 65 DSC recipients307th Infantry, 77th Division ? 2 Medal of Honor recipients, 44 DSC recipients308th Infantry, 77th Division ? 5 Medal of Honor recipients, 97 DSC recipients356th Infantry, 89th Division ? 4 Medal of Honor recipients, 27 DSC recipientsNote that the regiments here from 101st to 167th are National Guard regiments, and I don't have most of their lineage and honors. Some of them may have received French unit citations like the regular regiments (1-65). Regarding the Croix de Guerre, you cannot compare awards of the Croix de Guerre to the DSC and Medal of Honor. France awarded well over 2,000,000 Croix de Guerre in World War I, including about 12,000 to Americans. There were 95 Army Medals of Honor and 6,309 Distinguished Service Crosses. The most analogous U.S. award to the Croix de Guerre was the Silver Citation Star, which later became the Silver Star medal. It was patterned after the Croix de Guerre in that the citations could be made at different levels of command (albeit only those of at least general officer command, so no regimental awards), but unlike the Croix de Guerre, there was no use of different devices to indicate the level of command at which the soldier was cited. Estimates are that there were about 100,000 to 150,000 Silver Citation Stars, which given the difference in numbers of troops who fought in the war, compares relatively well to the 2 million or so Croix de Guerre. I don't have a regimental breakdown for Silver Citation Stars. According to the guy who runs the ddaymilitaria site and compiles the indexes to medals for various units, the 1st Division received 16,132. I would expect that the majority of these went to men of the 4 infantry regiments (16th, 18th, 26th and 28th). As noted above, the 16th, 26th and 28th Infantry Regiments were some of the most decorated units of the war (and the 18th Infantry received 42 DSCs, 2 CdG with Palm unit citations and the Medaille Militaire fourragere).

Emmett Scott's book is readable online: http://net.lib.byu.edu/~rdh7/wwi/comment/Scott/ScottTC.htm

Below are several officers of the 92nd Division, which adopted the buffalo as its patch in honor of the Buffalo Soldiers, the Army's regular "Colored" regiments. They are 1st Lt. C.L. Abbott, Capt. Joseph L. Lowe, 2nd Lt. Aaron R. Fisher, and Cpt. E. White. Lt. Fisher's DSC was "for extraordinary heroism in action near Lesseux, France, September 3, 1918. Lieutenant Fisher showed exceptional bravery in action when his position was raided by a superior force of the enemy by directing his men and refusing to leave his position, although he was severely wounded. He and his men continued to fight the enemy until the latter were beaten off by counterattack." He served in the 366th Infantry.

Soldiers of the 370th Infantry (formerly 8th Illinois Infantry) with a mix of CdGs and DSCs.