Bernd D

Out of the book "Das Offizierskorps der Schutztruppe f?r Deutsch-Ostafrika im Weltkrieg 1914-1918" by Maillard and Schroeder. Bernd

Pauly got the MEZ 1. Bernd

May I introduce: Max Hugo Spahn, MEZ1, MEZ2, Saxon Honor Cross with Swords, Saxon Friedrich August Medal (war merit) in silver. Bernd

There were no bars handed out by the governement. Only the medal itself. It was the same like 1870-71, for GSWA or the colonial medal. All bars had to be purchased. Bernd

No. This makes no sencse. Just fantasy. Bernd

Christer, it will not be possible to list the campaign medals for China and Southwest Africa. The rolls are not complete, too much are missing, and it makes no sence to list 10.000 or 20.000 names. It is the same with the non-combatant medals. The only way to find out who the owner was is to look at the war decorations. The rolls for the colonial medal will be available in one or two years. I finished it already but I have my reasons to wait. It is nearly complete only a few, mostly navy, are missing. Bernd

Some excamples of different manufakturers.

[quote One more question, if I may. Am I to understand that the same policy (above) applied to the China, Colonial and SWA bars as well?

Rob, most of the battle clasps on ebay are fakes. Just like the one your link is pointing at. Your METZ is very fine. You find more informations about "nur an Englaender vergeben" in this post "GSWA Medal with bar KALAHARI 1907, New book" Bernd

I found in Feldgrau.net this sentence "On 6 April 1939 General der Artillerie a. D. [bayern] Theodor von Bomhard celebrated the 80th anniversary of his enlistment."

The BMVO3x looks good to me. I don?t think there is a problem with it. I have a problem with the battle clasps. The combination is not possible (Marines/Army) according to my knowledge. And I don?t like the first two once. I have no problem with HOPHU. Bernd

For better understanding I will try to explain the rules after 1914. You could wear peace- and wartime decoration together, like the bar before. Each time you received a higher class (peace or war) you had to return the lower one. Exemptions from the rule 1. You got the MVO/MVK with X during different wars you were aloud to wear both, for example a MVO4x in the Colonies and a MVO3x during WWI or a MVK2x for GSWA and a MVK2 with Crown and X in WWI. 2. When you got the Officers Cross you kept the MVO3 on the bar, but when getting the MVO2 you had to return both. 3. When you die your heirs had to return the decorations. There was also the possibility to buy it. That?s all. Only a few of the recipients of MVKx did not return it when getting the higher class. It is all written down in the rolls. There is a note when you got the higher class and returned the lower. Also you see in there that all got the decoration on the ribbon for war merit (Kriegsverdienst) first and afterwards the one on the normal war ribbon. A few got a second award on the ribbon for war merit and returned the other one. Only for 1866 and 1870/71 you had to return the MVO when getting the MMJO. Not in WWI.

Yes Rick, it is him. The crown did not make it permanent like the REO.

By the way, this poor guy received three MVO?s with swords during WWI. Unfortunately he had to return two of them.

They all got the decoration on the ribbon for "Kriegsverdienst" first.

Nothing is impossible

First of all it is just a ribbon. Second you could buy the the decoration at a jeweler. Who took care after the war? Nobody.

Nice bar, but not correct. The wearer received two different MVO/MVK during WWI. The first one was on the ribbon for "Kriegsverdienst" which had to be returned when he got the one with the war ribbon. There were quite a few civil servants who got the MVK1x/2x for "Kriegsverdienst" and later on a MVK1x/MVO4x with war ribbon. All of them eturned the lower decoration. Nevertheless very interesting.

Now, it is available in Germany at the Namibiana Buchdepot. Here is the link http://www.namibiana.de/index.cfm?action=V...amp;itemid=2294 They show some pictures and the index.

It is still worth reading with a lot of new information.

He never got a Bavarian MVO. Bernd