Yugoslavia Boris Balaš: Commander of Karlovac assault brigade of Yugoslav partisans and participant of 2nd session of AVNOJ and ZAVNOH

wlodzimierz · November 10, 2009

Gents, new discoveries during my last photo safari in Zagreb, I was able to make some photos of interesting set of awards and documents of Boris Balas.

Boris Balaš

Commander of Karlovac assault brigade of Yugoslav partisans and participant of 2nd session of AVNOJ and sessions of ZAVNOH.

Karlovac assault brigade of Yugoslav partisans

History

Command of 4th Corps of Yugoslav partisans issued Order no.4 on 27 February 1944 for formation of Karlovac brigade. Brigade formed for the first time in the morning of 5 March 1944 in village Hrašće in front of house and mixed goods store of Ivan Latin. On the day of the forming brigade had 640 soldiers.

On 25 November brigade had 1211 soldiers, according to national and social status:

1115 Croats

51 Serbs

17 Slovenians

2 Montenegrins

23 Muslims

1 Russian

2 Czechs

201 workers

806 farmers

33 intellectuals

115 merchants

51 clerks and high school pupils

5 military personnel

Until end of the war Karlovac brigade suffered 337 killed, 442 wounded, 18 died from diseases and 107 missing out of which 30 captured. It inflicted 1739 casualties on the enemy out of which 722 killed, 457 wounded and 560 captured.

Brigade staff

Brigade commanders

Franjo Molek from 5.3. to 30.6.1944.

Boris Balaš from 8.7.1944. to 10.3.1945.

Sulejman Suljo Vascarac from 12.3. to 26.4.1945.

Boris Balaš from 26.4.1945. to end of the war

Brigade political commissars

Petar Erdeljac from 5.3. to 9.11.1944.

Rafko Rafael Tabor from 9.11.1944. to end of the war

Political commissars assistants

Rafko Rafael Tabor from 5.3. to 9.11.1944.

Janko Furdek from 20.11.1944 to 7.3.1945.

Ivan Katušić from 10.3.1945. to end of the war

Brigade chieff of staff

Ivan Graho from 20.6. to 25.8.1944.

Rade Škljac from 28.8. to 10.12.1944.

Simo Miščević from 15.12.1944. to end of the war

References

Josip Lulik Pepo, Đuro Zatezalo: Karlovačka udarna brigada

Source: http://www.vojska.ne...oatia/karlovac/

Edited November 10, 2009 by wlodzimierz

wlodzimierz · November 10, 2009

Order for Bravery

wlodzimierz · November 10, 2009

Box with s/n matching s/n on Order for Bravery

wlodzimierz · November 10, 2009

and certification

wlodzimierz · November 10, 2009

Order for Military Merits 1st class - Averse

wlodzimierz · November 10, 2009

Order for Military Merits 1st class - Reverse

wlodzimierz · November 10, 2009

Early type of box

wlodzimierz · November 10, 2009

and Awarding Document, such documents are rare especially early type where the order was still called 1st class.

Edited November 10, 2009 by wlodzimierz

wlodzimierz · November 10, 2009

and of course certification

wlodzimierz · November 10, 2009

25 anniversary of 2nd session of AVNOJ. 142 high military and political personnel participated at 2nd session of AVNOJ.

This plaque was given by Yugoslav Parliament to participants of that session.

This plaque with #13, was given to Boris Balas.

There are information that 270 such plaques was awarded.

Second Session of the AVNOJ

AVNOJ Proclamation of what will later become SFRJ In its second AVNOJ conference in the Bosnian town of Jajce, from November 21 to November 29, 1943, Tito declared AVNOJ to be the superior executive authority. The decisions and the resolutions of the second AVNOJ conference were:

to create a federal Yugoslavia, based on the right of self-determination of nations, in which the southern Slavic peoples (Serbs, Croats, Slovenes, Montenegrins and Macedonians) who would live in six constituent republics with equal rights ^[1];
to stress that even during the War of National Liberation there had been established anti-fascist councils of the national liberation of Yugoslav lands for Serbia, Croatia, Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sandžak, Macedonia, and Montenegro and the Bay of Kotor as the organisations of the people's administration of the land;
to elect the National Committee of the Liberation of Yugoslavia (Nacionalni komitet oslobođenja Jugoslavije, NKOJ), based in Jajce, to act as the temporary government;
to name Tito, Marshal of Yugoslavia and Prime Minister;
to revoke the Yugoslavian government-in-exile; and
to deny King Petar II Karađorđević's return to the country, until a popular referendum had been held on the status of the monarchy.

Stalin, the Soviet leader, was enraged when he found out that he was not being informed of the November meeting, and reportedly barred Tito from declaring AVNOJ as a provisional government. The Western Allies, however, were not alarmed, because they knew that the Partisans were the only Yugoslav resistance group actively fighting the Germans.

In December 1943, Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin decided to support the Partisans. The United Kingdom joined a month later, and stopped supplying the Chetniks. The first Soviet mission arrived at Partisan headquarters, shortly thereafter. The United States kept a military mission with Mihajlović to encourage continued Chetnik aid for downed American fliers.

In May 1944, German airborne forces attacked Tito's headquarters in Drvar, nearly capturing him. Tito fled to Italy, and established a new headquarters on the Adriatic island of Vis. After throwing its full support to the Partisans, Britain worked to reconcile Tito and Petar. At Britain's urging, Petar agreed to remain outside Yugoslavia, and in September, summoned all Yugoslavs to back the Partisans.

Source: http://en.wikipedia....on_of_the_AVNOJ

Edited November 10, 2009 by wlodzimierz

wlodzimierz · November 10, 2009

Document for plaque - 25 anniversary of 2nd session of AVNOJ

Edited November 10, 2009 by wlodzimierz

wlodzimierz · November 10, 2009

Plaque: 40 anniversary of 2nd session of AVNOJ

Plaque awarded by Parliamant of SFRJ to participant of 2nd session of AVNOJ.

As far I know, this plaque was awarded for alive participants of 2nd session of AVNOJ in 1983. If this information is correct than the quantity of such plaques is very limited.

wlodzimierz · November 10, 2009

40 anniversary of session of ZAVNOH

Plaque for participants of ZAVNOH sessions in 1944.

The State Antifascist Council of the National Liberation of Croatia (ZAVNOH) (Croatian: Zemaljsko antifašističko vijeće narodnog oslobođenja Hrvatske) was the highest governing organ of the anti-fascist movement in Croatia during World War II. It was develop to be the bearer of Croatian statehood. At its last meeting, it changed its name to the National Parliament of Croatia, (Croatian: Narodni sabor Hrvatske).

Sessions

Initiative committee

Preparations for the foundation of ZAVNOH started on December 5, 1942 when the Croatian representatives in AVNOJ requested the districtual boards to delegate members of the future Initiative Committee of the State Antifascist Council of National Liberation of Croatia. After the delegates were named the Initiative Committee was constituted in Ponori on March 1, 1943 near Brinje in Lika.

1st session

Held June 13 (in Otočac) and June 14, 1943 (on Plitvice Lakes) was the founding session of ZAVNOH. Vladimir Nazor was chosen president. ZAVNOH adopted "Proclamation to Peoples of Croatia" ("Proglas narodima Hrvatske" in Croatian) and "Resolution" (often called "Plitvice Resolution"). Resolution stated that ZAVNOH was highest political authority of anti-fascist movement in Croatia. Executive board ("Izvršni odbor" in Croatian, abbr. IO ZAVNOH) of 11 members was elected to perform duties of ZAVNOH between sessions.

As the representative of the Allied Command major William Jones (Lawrence of Yugoslavia) was present at the founding session. Also the representative of the Liberation Front of the Slovenian People, Jana Jernej was present.

2nd session

The second session was held October 12 - October 15, 1943 in Plaški. In this session an executive board of 15 members was elected and the decision of Executive Board of ZAVNOH made on September 20, 1943 was confirmed. "Ordinance About Interior Organisation and Work of ZAVNOH" was adopted as well as the Secretariat of ZAVNOH was founded; which ruled Croatian affairs as a de facto government.

3rd session

The third session occurred on May 8 and May 9, 1944 in Topusko, and was sometimes referred to as the Sabor u Topuskom ("Assembly in Topusko"). The third session of ZAVNOH formally formed the Federal State of Croatia. Newly adopted "Rules of conduct of ZAVNOH" disbanded IO (Executive Board) and formed 31 member Presidium of ZAVNOH. The following were established at this session:

Authorization of Croatian delegates on the 2nd AVNOJ meeting to represent Croatia
Proclamation of ZAVNOH as the supreme legislative and executive organ of government of Federal State of Croatia
Declaration of basic rights of peoples and citizens of the Federal State of Croatia:
- The Croatian and Serbian people in Croatia are equal in every way. The National minorities in Croatia will have guaranteed human rights.
- All citizens of Croatia are equal in the eyes of the law, regardless of their nationality, race and religion
- Women have the same rights as men
- Every citizen is guaranteed personal and property security. The right of ownership and private initiatives are guaranteed.
- Decision about structure and operations of NOOs and assemblies in Federal State of Croatia
- Rules of conduct of ZAVNOH

4th session

The final session occurred on August 21, 1945 in Zagreb (in building of Croatian Parliament). Here, ZAVNOH changed its name to the "People's Parliament of Croatia".

ZAVNOH between sessions

On September 20, 1943 Executive Board of ZAVNOH issued decision to return Istria, Zadar, Cres, Lastovo and other parts of Croatia which were ceded to fascist Italy by Independent State of Croatia.

ZAVNOH operated in the City of Šibenik from December 31, 1944 to May 13, 1945, before moving to Zagreb on May 20, 1945.

First People's Government of Croatia (led by Vladimir Bakarić) was founded at the extraordinary session of the Presidency of ZAVNOH, which was held on April 14, 1945 in Split.

Constitution of Croatia on ZAVNOH

Article 1 of the Constitution of the Republic of Croatia stated:

The millenary identity of the Croatia nation and the continuity of its statehood, confirmed by the course of its entire historical experience within different forms of states and by the preservation and growth of the idea of a national state, founded on the historical right of the Croatian nation to full sovereignty, manifested in:

[...]

establishing the foundations of state sovereignty during the course of the Second World War, by the decisions of the Antifascist Council of National Liberation of Croatia (

1943

), as opposed to the proclamation of the

Independent State of Croatia

(

1941

), and subsequently in the Constitution of the

People's Republic of Croatia

(

1947

) and all later constitutions of the

Socialist Republic of Croatia

(