JapanX

1) Yes https://asiamedals.info/forums/rising-sun-orders-made-by-hirata-workshop.627/ 2) Circa 1890s/1910s. Definitely not an early Hirata-made 2nd class (not to mention that early 2nd class didn`t have a neck badge) https://asiamedals.info/threads/early-meiji-era-2nd-class-rising-sun-order-breast-stars-in-hexagon-cases.23183/ 3) Original pin was removed (you could still see the traces of fitting) and screw was added. Silver screw plate was taken from Imperial Russian badge (if it original and not a replica). 4) These are Russian marks (most likely from 1908-1917 time period). 5) Yes, 42. Typical technical mark of case manufacturer that could be found inside Japanese order cases. Best, Nick

Old vintage low quality fake. Modern vintage https://asiamedals.info/threads/fake-orders-of-the-golden-grain-and-precious-brilliant-golden-grain.23078/

Looks ok. Somebody decided to clean it from patina though.

Construction of the Imperial Volunteer Fleet Donation Badge https://asiamedals.info/threads/construction-of-the-imperial-volunteer-fleet-donation-badges.24689/ Second badge is a special member badge from joint light women's association. It uses suspension of Greater Japan Women's Patriotic Association badges. https://asiamedals.info/threads/history-and-badges-of-greater-japan-womens-patriotic-association.23765/

The case belong to the late 1930s/late 1950s. The breast star belong to the (circa) 1985 - 2003 time period. Full history of this type https://asiamedals.info/threads/trident-breast-stars-of-the-order-of-the-sacred-treasure.25703/

Yes, it is correct.

Yes. Artillery second lieutenant.

P.S. Original regulation https://asiamedals.info/threads/republic-of-china-police-medal-type-1943-regulation.25542/ Full translation of reverse https://asiamedals.info/threads/3rd-class-2nd-grade-republic-of-china-police-medals.25541/ In wear https://asiamedals.info/threads/republic-of-china-police-medal-in-photos.25540/

Original. China Incident/WW2 vintage. Most likely from unissued stock or posthumous awarding.

Taiwan. Republic of China 3rd class 2nd grade Police Medal. Medals were issued by the Ministry of the Interior.

Original, but not in good condition + it is the most common late variation that was manufactured by japanese mint.

Tracy, if I remember rightly page 21 in the 1967 edition corresponds to the page 24 in the 2000 edition (3rd edition). Nothing interesting. Just a black and white photo of 2nd class set. Best, Nick

Afghanistan. Badge for Valiant Service in Commemoration of 15th Anniversary of Independence.

Unfortunately this is a modern made fake.

Inscriptions are the same. Order of Merit.

Fake.

Both are original.

Original. This type was introduced around 1940.

Silver Jiaxiang Medal of 3rd Class. https://asiamedals.info/threads/jiaxiang-medal-a-k-a-medal-for-donation-to-promote-education-a-k-a.25247/

Her actual uniform https://asiamedals.info/threads/uhlan-lancer-cap-of-empress-alexandra-feodorovna.25008/

Kwantung Army Flying Corps https://asiamedals.info/threads/badges-and-watch-fobs-of-kwantung-army-flying-corps.20131/

Feature set for detecting fake imperial russian hallmarks https://asiamedals.info/threads/system-of-russian-hallmarks-protection-used-from-1899-to-1908.25003/

Yes.