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Yes BB&Co produced TWMs before the end of war. IMO the red envelopes(both the squary and trapezoidal version) were issued for the Turkish made stars.

Here it is.

Completely agree. We're not discussing about identification of maker or production period of any particular TWM here, but rather on a very high level how TWMs from different time period should be called knowing that they're not Turkish made award pieces. Very straightforward. We all know the foreigners were indeed awarded for TWMs and majority(if not all) of them were not handed out Turkish made stars, they had to Privately Purchase their own star that was produced and sold by local maker, during and after the war. I haven't seen any proof so far but anyhow if any foreign made TWMs were ordered and handed out by the Turkish or foreign governments, then they should be considered official award TWMs.

Not an award but an interesting piece which I thought is some sort of souvenir or donation token. Measures 43mm with needle pin on the back it seems, haven't tried to remove it from the sample board...

Logical, except that many post-WWI examples were not made from the original tools, some were made by manufactures which not even produced any TWMs during WWI. For instance Beco and S&L used new tooling, material and fitting hardware on their TWMs in 30/40s. Again, the widely accepted term in collector community and in textbooks is Private Purchase piece for those were made during WWI and 30/40s period . You can name a particular TWM following: Origin(country or manufacturer) + Purpose(award piece, Private Purchase, collector/museum copy etc.) + Time frame (e.g. Austrian made + private purchase TWM + from 40s) This is the way other award categories are using in the same context, e.g. Roth made private purchase PLM from interwar, Meybauer made private purchase pilot badge from WWI, M.Hansen made private purchase EK1...

The word Replica and Copy are not appropriate and extremely misleading. Literally a replica and copy mean the exact duplicate of something, it's especially clear and sensitive in the collecting world. Since all foreign made TWMs are different from Turkish made example in any aspects, i.e. material, design, finish and shape etc., they can't be called replica or copy technically. Why not just align it with other award categories? it's very common to see jeweler made pieces co-existed with award pieces, like the countless of EK variants and aviation badges that are not officially award pieces. It's also not rare for a German, an Austrian or another foreign maker to produce their own variant of awards of the counterparts, e.g. Austrian made PLMs, German made Bulgarian pilot badges, and many more. Why not just call them German or Austrian made Variant? or specifically Private Purchase Piece or 2nd Wearers Piece as other awards are called in the same context?

It'd be very strange and wrong to call something that almost all high ranking German/Austrian officers worn back in the days, a replica, copy or forgery.

Found a similar piece from Flying Tiger Antiques, interesting to read about the badge being Austrian made. https://www.flyingtigerantiques.com/beautiful-early-wwi-prussian-observer-badge-austrian-made-in-925-silver-named.html

Thanks for the information ? Any idea about the possible maker?

Gentlemen, can you help to identify the maker of this badge? and from which time frame it was made? thanks!

Leutnant Fritz Rumey. Received both PLM and 'PLM for enlisted'.

I'm not sure, it's not marked, not on the swords and cross, don't know if there is any mark on the ring.

Yes it's J.L. It says here.

General staff he was.

Another photo shown MVO ribbon worn in button hole. Major Paul Schmitt, he has a MVO3 with crown and sword. And his medal/ribbon bars, note the different ribbons of war time MVO at 1st place and pre-war MVO at 5th.

Have seen this set before. IMO the case should be carefully examined to be sure the insert is originally made for this case and this particular TMW. Despite all that I would suggest to wait to draw conclusion on the connection between Asterisk * marked TWM and J. RAITHEL. Consider the large volume of * marked TWMs have been produced, a single evidence is not enough to prove the origin of this particular start, IMO.

The only RAO with sword I have. No MM, swords are screwed in, probably a wearer´s copy.

Thank you guys. You're both right, just got confirmation from another expert this is a copy, they've been around for some years.

Gentlemen, what do you think about this zeppelin badge? does it have any chance?

请问您这个说法有根据吗？

+1

So the whole story is a put together just like the grouping itself.

Saxony-Meiningen war merit cross 1915 and Hindenburg cross.

What a surprise! I certainly did not expect an id to it. So much appreciated Daniel!

The 3rd ribbon seems have a thin white strip in the middle, therefore I thought it's service medal ribbon not AO. The medal at 6th position should be FO due to the height with its suspension loop. If comparing to the KO ribbon at 4th place where it shows marks of cross arm and the eyelet positions, a WWII civil service medal is in similar size as KO which won't fit there.